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The collection consists of the autobiographical memoirs of James Anderson Terrell, a Confederate soldier, settler, cowboy, and politician. Written when Terrell was in his late seventies, the bulk of the material centers on his experiences during the American Civil War and his later time spent pioneering in Kansas. Additional topics include his beginnings in Georgia, life during Reconstruction, and his return to Georgia at the end of his life.

His diary describes Fleming's flight to Augusta, Ga. after the fall of Richmond, guarding the specie of the Confederate treasury. There is also a furlough permit, May 2, 1865, signed by Commandant William H. Parker.